Probability distribution function of tracer differences and the diffusive scale in the stratosphere
نویسندگان
چکیده
The PDF of N2O mixing ratio differences over various separation distances is studied using ER-2 airborne data. It is found that the PDF shape ranges from Gaussian, through stretched exponential and exponential, back to Gaussian as the separation distance increases from 200 m to about 200 km. With the PDF as a diagnostic tool, we identify the horizontal diffusive scale in the lower stratosphere to be about 2 km, and the corresponding vertical diffusivity to be on the order of molecular diffusivity, 1.0× 10−4 m2s−1. For the typical stretching rate of the stratospheric flow, 0.25 day−1, it takes about 25 days to stretch a tracer parcel with initial size of 1000 km into a diffusive-scale filament.
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